The Role of Alphamangostin in Corn Oil in Improving Lipid Profile in High-Fat Diet-Induced Rats

Abstract

Introduction: Alphamangostin is a component of the mangosteen peel extract (Garcinia mangostana L) that has potential as a therapy for dyslipidemia. However, alphamangostin has low solubility, resulting in low bioavailability when administered orally. This study aims to investigate the potential of alphamangostin dissolved in corn oil on serum lipid profiles in vivo.
Methods: The study was conducted on 24 Sprague Dawley strain Rattus norvegicus rats divided into 6 treatment groups (NC, HFD, CO, D1, D2, and Sim), with 4 rats each group randomly assigned. After a 1-week acclimatization period, each group received the following treatments: standard diet for 4 weeks (NC), high-fat diet + propylthiouracil (PTU) for 4 weeks (HFD), HFD + corn oil (CO), HFD + alphamangostin in corn oil at 7 mg/KgBW (D1), HFD + alphamangostin in corn oil at 35 mg/KgBW (D2), and HFD + simvastatin at 3.6 mg/KgBW (Sim). Treatments for CO, D1, D2, and Sim were administered for 2 weeks. Serum total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides were examined before and after treatment, and the differences were analyzed statistically.
Results: The administration of alphamangostin at a dose of 7 mg/KgBW (D1) and corn oil (CO) significantly decreased LDL cholesterol levels (p<0.05), and alphamangostin at a dose of 35 mg/KgBW (D2) significantly decreased triglyceride levels (p<0.05). Meanwhile, there were decreases in total cholesterol levels and increases in HDL cholesterol levels in the alphamangostin and corn oil groups, but these changes were not statistically significant (p>0.05).
Conclusions: Alphamangostin can reduce LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels in high-fat diet-induced rats.