Journal Of The Indonesian Medical Association

Flavonoids in the Prevention of Kidney Failure Caused by Oxidative Stress

Muhammad Ashhabul Kahfi Mathar — 2026-06-23

Kidney failure is a growing global health problem, encompassing acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease (CKD). CKD is a global health problem, and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a major role in the pathogenesis of CKD through kidney inflammation and fibrosis.¹ Recent epidemiological studies have linked flavonoid-rich diets to the incidence of kidney disease.² Flavonoids are plant-derived phenylchroman compounds that comprise various subclasses, such as flavones, flavanols, isoflavones, anthocyanins, flavon-3-ols, and flavanones. Flavonoids are the third largest group of natural compounds after terpenoids and alkaloids and play a role in protecting the body from oxidative stress and inflammation.³ Phenolic compounds such as phenolic acids, flavonoids, and proanthocyanidins are abundant in plants as a defense mechanism against biotic and abiotic stress. Consumption of polyphenol-rich foods, such as fruits, vegetables, grains, spices, and herbs, is known to reduce the risk of various chronic and degenerative diseases associated with oxidative stress.⁴

The Relationship Between Writing Duration And Frequency With The Occurrence Of De Quervain’s Syndrome: A Study On Medical Students At Diponegoro University

Abdurrahman Athoullah Muthii — 2026-06-23

Introduction: Handwriting is a common activity performed by humans in their daily lives. Excessive use of the hand during writing becomes a concern when associated with musculoskeletal disorders. Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI) represents a broad category of musculoskeletal disorders involving muscles, tendons, and peripheral nerves, within which De Quervain’s Syndrome (DQS) is classified. DQS is a disorder that occurs due to excessive use of the thumb and wrist, leading to inflammation and thickening of the tendon sheath and retinaculum. Objective: To identify the correlation between the duration and frequency of writing activities with the occurrence of De Quervain’s Syndrome.
Methods: This study employed an analytical observational research design using a cross-sectional method. The research was conducted at the Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University. It was carried out in november 2023 with a sample size of 114 respondents.
Result: There was no significant correlation between the duration and frequency of writing and the occurrence of De Quervain’s Syndrome, based on the Kruskal-Wallis and DQST tests. The p-values recorded in the SPSS output were 0.719 (greater than 0.05) for writing duration and 0.174 (greater than 0.05) for writing frequency, indicating that there is no significant relationship between these variables and the occurrence of DQS.
Conclusion: There is no significant correlation between the duration and frequency of writing and the occurrence of De Quervain’s Syndrome.

Prevalence Lung Cancer in Former Tuberculosis Patients in Indonesia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Arya Marganda Simanjuntak — 2026-06-23

Introduction: Indonesia faces a 14% increase in Tuberculosis (TB) cases, putting it 14 years behind the world's second-highest burden. This raises concerns about lung cancer risk, as studies outside Indonesia are limited.
Aim: This study aims to determine the risk of lung cancer in TB patients in Indonesia.
Methods: This systematic review with meta-analysis according to PRISMA statement with various databases. We use PEOS framework for screening and select articles to be included. We exclude articles about co-infection TB with lung cancer and misdiagnose condition. We analyze risk of bias using JBI critical appraisal tools and we used R Studio and RevMan 5.4 with random-effect model for results of data that can be generalized on a wider population.
Result: There are 3 out of 4210 articles with 1270 patients included in this study. The research came from different cities and extracted the number of patients that matched the criteria. A total of 101 (7.9%) of 1270 lung cancer patients had a history of tuberculosis. There are 8 out of 100 lung cancer patients in Indonesia had TB infection before and is dominated by the type of adenocarcinoma compared to squamous cell carcinoma (statistically not meaningful, p=0.21). This study was evaluated as heterogeneous among all inclusion studies. The risk rate of bias with the JBI was 76.6% above the risk limit of the bias agreement.
Conclusion: Patients with a history of TB need future attention and further evaluation before the occurrence of lung cancer.

Risk Factors for Acute Asthma with The Severity of Acute Asthma in Hospitalized Patients

Muhammad Fachri — 2026-06-23

Introduction: Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition with a prevalence of 1–29% of the population globally in many countries. According to the Ministry of Health in 2020, asthma is included in the category of diseases with the highest number of sufferers among Indonesians. The prevalence of asthma in Indonesia showed a figure of 4.5% of the population, which is equivalent to approximately 12 million individuals. Asthma associated with hospitalization can indicate uncontrolled asthma and a marker of the risk of asthma exacerbations in the future. Complications if acute asthma is not immediately treated properly will complicate heart failure, respiratory failure or respiratory arrest, pneumothorax, pneumonia, COPD, etc.
Metode: This study is a descriptive observational study with a quantitative approach. The sample in this study were adult acute asthma inpatients at RSIJ Sukapura from January 2021 – July 2025, totaling 83 patients. The number of adult acute asthma patients studied was 83.
Result: Of the 83 patients, most were aged 46–55 years, female, had mild to moderate acute asthma, and the most common triggering factor was respiratory tract infection.
Conclusion: The most common triggering factor for acute asthma in mild to moderate acute asthma is respiratory tract infection.

The Relationship of Coping Mechanisms to Depression Score and Suicide Risk in People with Borderline Personality Disorder

Natalia Dewi Wardani — 2026-06-23

Introduction: Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is associated with a high prevalence of depressive symptoms and an increased risk of suicidal behavior. Approximately 75% of individuals with BPD have attempted suicide, while self- injurious behavior occurs in 17% of young adults and 6% of the general adult population. Psychological stress and coping mechanisms play important roles in these outcomes.
Methods: This cross-sectional quantitative study included 80 patients diagnosed with BPD. Coping strategies were assessed using the Brief COPE questionnaire and categorized into problem-focused or emotion-focused coping. Depression severity was measured using the GRID Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (GRID HAM-D), and suicide risk was assessed using the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS). Coping strategies were subsequently categorized into problem-focused coping or emotion-focused coping based on the participant’s predominant response patterns.
Results: Problem-focused coping showed a significant positive correlation with suicide risk (p = 0.002; r = 0.386). In contrast, emotion-focused coping demonstrated a significant negative correlation with suicide risk (p = 0.044; r = −0.479). Neither coping strategy was significantly associated with depression scores (p = 0.786 and p = 0.121, respectively).
Conclusion: Problem-Focused Coping is associated with increased suicide risk behavior, while Emotion-Focused Coping is associated with lower levels of suicide risk behavior.

Comparison of the Effectiveness of Kinesio Tape and Sham Taping on Lower Extremity Performance in Elite University Volleyball Athletes

Wisnu Adiputra — 2026-06-23

Introduction: Kinesio taping is widely used in sports rehabilitation to enhance muscular performance and prevent injuries, yet evidence of its superiority over sham taping in healthy athletes remains limited. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of kinesio taping and sham taping on lower-limb performance parameters among volleyball athletes, focusing on functional outcomes relevant to sports performance enhancement.
Methods: A single blind randomized clinical trial was conducted involving 38 male volleyball athletes aged 17–23 years. Participants were randomly assigned to kinesio taping or sham taping groups. Performance parameters including reaction time, explosive power, muscle strength, flexibility, and agility were measured at baseline, 20 minutes, and 72 hours post application using validated functional performance test protocols with standard measurement devices.
Result: The kinesio-taping group showed significantly greater improvements in reaction time, vertical-jump height, leg muscle strength, flexibility, and agility compared with the sham-taping group (p less than 0.05). These findings indicate enhanced neuromuscular facilitation, proprioceptive feedback, and functional muscle performance following kinesio taping.
Conclusion: Kinesio taping effectively enhances short-term and sustained lower-limb performance among volleyball athletes. It may serve as an adjunctive therapeutic and preventive approach in sports rehabilitation and performance optimization programs.

Detection of Pulmonary Hypertension in Chronic Lung Diseases: A literature review

Muhammad Ryan Adi Putra — 2026-06-23

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) often accompanies ILD and COPD and impacts functional capacity and prognosis, making early screening clinically important. Non-invasive evidence suggests a complementary multimodal approach. DLCO is consistently correlated with the presence and risk of PH, especially when the decrease is not proportional to FVC or FEV1 or when evaluated as an FVC/DLCO or FEV1/DLCO ratio. In HRCT, enlargement of the main pulmonary artery and the ratio of the pulmonary artery to the ascendant aorta add diagnostic value, with interpretations that must consider changes in the parenchyma. Biological markers (e.g., natriuretic peptides) improve rule-out ability, while echocardiography, degree of desaturation, and heart rate recovery on a six-minute walk test strengthen clinical probability. Although right cardiac catheterization remains the gold standard for diagnosis, the integration of DLCO, HRCT metrics, and echocardiography provides a practical pathway for screening, risk stratification, as well as the determination of hemodynamic confirmation referral needs and subsequent management.