Flavonoids in the Prevention of Kidney Failure Caused by Oxidative Stress

Abstract

Kidney failure is a growing global health problem, encompassing acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease (CKD). CKD is a global health problem, and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a major role in the pathogenesis of CKD through kidney inflammation and fibrosis.¹ Recent epidemiological studies have linked flavonoid-rich diets to the incidence of kidney disease.² Flavonoids are plant-derived phenylchroman compounds that comprise various subclasses, such as flavones, flavanols, isoflavones, anthocyanins, flavon-3-ols, and flavanones. Flavonoids are the third largest group of natural compounds after terpenoids and alkaloids and play a role in protecting the body from oxidative stress and inflammation.³ Phenolic compounds such as phenolic acids, flavonoids, and proanthocyanidins are abundant in plants as a defense mechanism against biotic and abiotic stress. Consumption of polyphenol-rich foods, such as fruits, vegetables, grains, spices, and herbs, is known to reduce the risk of various chronic and degenerative diseases associated with oxidative stress.⁴