Factors Associated with Knee Osteoarthritis Severity Degree Based on Kellgren-Lawrence Criteria at Atma Jaya Hospital

Abstract

Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a global health issue that can cause disability. The risk of developing OA increases with age, female gender, and obesity. This study was specifically conducted to analyze the relationship between age, gender and Body Mass Index (BMI) with the severity of knee OA based on the Kellgren-Lawrence criteria in patients of Atma Jaya Hospital from 2020-2023.
Method: This research is a descriptive analytical study using cross-sectional design. The research was conducted from January until May 2024 at Atma Jaya Hospital with a total of 668 samples from 2020 to 2023 taken using total sampling. The severity of knee osteoarthritis is measured based on radiographic examination; other variables were taken from medical records.
Results: Based on 668 samples, the majority were greater than 60 years old (68.1%), female (75.3%), obese (50.1%), and had severe to very severe knee OA severity based on the Kellgren-Lawrence criteria (54.9%). A significant relationship has been observed using Chi-square analysis between age (p= 0.000; OR= 2.188) and BMI (p= 0.044; OR= 1.369) with the severity of knee OA based on the Kellgren-Lawrence criteria. However, there was no significant relationship between gender (p=0.402; OR= 1.163) and the severity of knee OA based on the Kellgren-Lawrence criteria.
Conclusion: There is a significant association between age and BMI and the severity degree of knee OA based on plain radiographs referred to the Kellgren-Lawrence grading scale in patients of Atma Jaya Hospital from 2020-2023.